Instantiation

Constructors

• Every class - including Abstract classes - MUST have a constructor.
• Constructor chaining is built in. Every class constructor will call its default superclass constructor using super().
• Every constructor as its first statement has a call to this() or super().
• Compiler will only automatically insert call to no-arg super() or this().
• CANNOT call an instance method or access instance variables till the super constructor has run.
• Only Static variables can be accessed as a call to super() or this().

Initialization Blocks

• A static initialization block runs when the class is first loaded.(Runs only once)
• An instance init block runs every time a new instance is created.
• An instance init block runs right after the call to super() in a constructor (ie. after all the super-constructors have run).
• In case of multiple init blocks (either instance and static) they run in the order in which they are defined.